{"id":21999,"date":"2020-10-13T21:06:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-14T01:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.leaf.ca\/?post_type=case_summary&p=21999"},"modified":"2021-11-15T14:03:19","modified_gmt":"2021-11-15T19:03:19","slug":"r-c-ewanchuk-1999","status":"publish","type":"case_summary","link":"https:\/\/www.leaf.ca\/fr\/case_summary\/r-c-ewanchuk-1999\/","title":{"rendered":"R. c. Ewanchuk (1999)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Cette affaire concernait la question de savoir s’il existait une d\u00e9fense de \u00ab consentement implicite \u00bb dans le droit concernant les agressions sexuelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le FAEJ, en partenariat avec le R\u00e9seau d\u2019action des femmes handicap\u00e9es du Canada (RAFHC), est intervenu devant la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Faits<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La plaignante, \u00e2g\u00e9 de 17 ans, a assist\u00e9 \u00e0 un entretien d\u2019emploi dans la camionnette de Steve Ewanchuk. M. Ewanchuk l’a ensuite invit\u00e9e \u00e0 voir son travail dans la remorque derri\u00e8re la camionnette. La plaignante a accept\u00e9, mais a d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9ment laiss\u00e9 la porte ouverte. M. Ewanchuk a ensuite ferm\u00e9 la porte d’une mani\u00e8re qui a fait croire \u00e0 la plaignante qu’elle \u00e9tait verrouill\u00e9e, et elle a eu peur. Il a fait de nombreuses avances, devenant chaque fois plus agressif m\u00eame si la plaignante a dit non \u00e0 chaque avance. Craignant d’\u00eatre bless\u00e9e si elle avait l’air d’avoir peur, la plaignante a tent\u00e9 de para\u00eetre d\u00e9tendue et confortable. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le juge du proc\u00e8s a acquitt\u00e9 M. Ewanchuk, invoquant la d\u00e9fense de \u00ab consentement implicite \u00bb – m\u00eame s’il croyait que la plaignante n’avait pas consenti, son d\u00e9faut de communiquer qu’elle avait peur et ses tentatives de para\u00eetre \u00e0 l’aise signifiaient que son absence subjective de consentement n’avait pas d’importance. La Cour d’appel de l’Alberta a confirm\u00e9 l’acquittement. La Couronne a interjet\u00e9 appel devant la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Argumentation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Le FAEJ et le RAFHC ont fait valoir que la d\u00e9finition du consentement donn\u00e9e par le juge de premi\u00e8re instance portait atteinte aux droits constitutionnels des femmes \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 de protection et de b\u00e9n\u00e9fice de la loi, \u00e0 une v\u00e9ritable s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la personne et \u00e0 un acc\u00e8s \u00e9gal \u00e0 la justice. Ils ont soulign\u00e9 que le consentement exigeait la communication d’un accord librement exerc\u00e9, capable et d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 l’activit\u00e9 sexuelle en question. Le \u00ab consentement implicite \u00bb a cr\u00e9\u00e9 un d\u00e9faut qui obligeait les plaignants \u00e0 protester, plut\u00f4t que d’imposer aux hommes la responsabilit\u00e9 d’obtenir un consentement complet et expr\u00e8s. Le consentement implicite d\u00e9coule \u00e9galement d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ses sur la sexualit\u00e9 des femmes et d\u00e9nie leur dignit\u00e9 et leur libre arbitre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9sultat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La Cour supr\u00eame a conclu qu’il n’y avait que deux options pour un juge de premi\u00e8re instance – soit la plaignante a consenti, soit elle n’a pas consenti.  La Cour a clairement d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu’il n’y a pas de d\u00e9fense de consentement implicite en droit canadien. Et le jugement a soulign\u00e9 que, pour \u00eatre juridiquement efficace, le consentement devait \u00eatre donn\u00e9 librement. En cons\u00e9quence, la Cour supr\u00eame a accueilli l\u2019appel du minist\u00e8re public et a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 M. Ewanchuk coupable d\u2019agression sexuelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le FAEJ remercie Diane Oleskiw et Ritu Khullar, avocates dans cette cause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e9l\u00e9chargez le m\u00e9moire du FAEJ et du RAFHC ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lisez la d\u00e9cision de la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nos dossiers sont imparfaits, mais nous faisons de notre mieux pour les mettre \u00e0 jour – si vous \u00e9tiez impliqu\u00e9 avec le FAEJ dans cette affaire mais que votre nom n’appara\u00eet pas ici, veuillez nous envoyer un courriel \u00e0<\/em> info@leaf.ca<\/em><\/a>. <\/em> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[],"tags":[592,590],"class_list":["post-21999","case_summary","type-case_summary","status-publish","hentry","tag-consent-fr","tag-sexual-assault-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nR. c. Ewanchuk (1999) - LEAF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.leaf.ca\/fr\/case_summary\/r-c-ewanchuk-1999\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R. c. 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