{"id":3908,"date":"2013-01-21T02:53:19","date_gmt":"2013-01-21T07:53:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.leaf.ca\/?post_type=mediareleases&p=3908"},"modified":"2020-12-11T12:17:45","modified_gmt":"2020-12-11T17:17:45","slug":"supreme-court-misses-opportunity-to-ensure-law-protects-abused-women","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.leaf.ca\/fr\/news\/supreme-court-misses-opportunity-to-ensure-law-protects-abused-women\/","title":{"rendered":"Supreme Court Misses Opportunity to Ensure Law Protects Abused Women"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

January 18, 2013 (Ottawa)<\/strong> – The Supreme Court of Canada has released its decision in R.v. Ryan. CAEFS intervened in the case, in coalition with LEAF, to argue that battered women who take steps to use force against their abusers in order to save their and their children’s lives, are entitled to criminal law defences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Court has held that the defence of duress does not apply but has ordered a stay of proceedings. Thus Ms Ryan does not have to endure further prosecution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CAEFS-LEAF had argued that the law should reflect an understanding of the realities of the lives of abused women. In ordering a stay of proceedings, the court noted the \u00ab\u00a0enormous toll\u00a0\u00bb of the abuse Ms Ryan suffered:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0the abuse which she suffered at the hands of Mr. Ryan took an enormous toll on her, as, no doubt, have these protracted proceedings, extending over nearly five years, in which she was acquitted at trial and successfully resisted a Crown appeal in the Court of Appeal. There is also the disquieting fact that, on the record before us, it seems that the authorities were much quicker to intervene to protect Mr. Ryan than they had been to respond to her request for help in dealing with his reign of terror over her.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unfortunately, while the SCC says the case is exceptional, there is good reason to believe it is not. \u00ab\u00a0Every six days a woman in Canada is killed by an intimate partner. Repeatedly those deaths have been tied to inaction or inappropriate action on the part of the criminal justice system. The Canadian government has unmet obligations under international law to show due diligence in protecting women from sexist violence.\u00a0\u00bb advised Lee Lakeman, speaking on behalf of the Canadian Association of Sexual Assault Centres (CASAC). \u00ab\u00a0Women escaping abuse are entitled to defend against their attackers and the law must change to ensure that they are not criminalized for acting in their life threatening desperation\u00a0\u00bb, continued Ms Lakeman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While the stay ends the prosecution of one woman, unfortunately the Court’s analysis of criminal defences does not hold out hope for the evolution of defences generally. The Court focuses on a doctrinal analysis and some clarification of defences, but does not address concerns that they fail to capture the diversity of human experiences to which they need to be applied. \u00ab\u00a0The overall message I get from the decision is that of a wish for conceptual stability in the law of defences and a preference for constitutional challenge or legislative change over the evolution of the common law. This contrasts dramatically with the wish of CAEFS-LEAF for equality-driven evolution of the law of defences, to avoid the criminalization of women driven to resisting abuse,\u00a0\u00bb commented Christine Boyle Q.C., counsel for CAEFS-LEAF.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Background<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nicole Ryan, suffered a 15 year \u00ab\u00a0reign of terror\u00a0\u00bb. Her account of abuse, fear and efforts to seek help was accepted by the trial court in Nova Scotia and her acquittal on a charge of counselling to commit murder was unanimously upheld by the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal – she was sexually and physically assaulted, emotionally and psychologically abused, threatened repeatedly with a gun and told by her husband that if she ever left, he would \u00ab\u00a0kill\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0destroy\u00a0\u00bb and \u00ab\u00a0annihilate\u00a0\u00bb Ms Ryan and their daughter. These threats were often morbidly graphic. Mr. Ryan threatened to burn their home down with Ms Ryan and their daughter in it and showed Ms Ryan the piece of land where he said he would dig a trench and bury them under a pile of gravel and garbage. Ms Ryan is a mere 5’3″ and 115 pounds, to Mr. Ryan’s 6’3″ and 230 pounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When Ms Ryan was finally able to leave, the evidence at trial was that even though Mr. Ryan lived a two-hour drive away, he showed up on the road to and from her place of work, and outside her sister’s home where she was living. Ms Ryan contacted the police and victim services a dozen times, but according to the Court, her pleas for help \u00ab\u00a0went unheeded\u00a0\u00bb. Isolated, terrified and without options, Ms Ryan sought protection. The charge of counselling came after she was approached by an undercover police officer, who posed as a hit-man.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jennifer Tomaszewski, speaking on behalf of the Women’s Legal Education and Action Fund, said: \u00ab\u00a0Violence against women remains a critical issue today. We remain committed to advocating on behalf of women and articulating the equality concerns raised in cases such as R.v.Ryan. We are concerned that, read in the context of the very recent decision in R.v.O’Brien, much work remains.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Christine Boyle QC is counsel for CAEFS-LEAF.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The CAEFS-LEAF factum can be downloaded here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For more information, please contact:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kim Pate – 613-298-2422<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Christine Boyle – 604-738-0570<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kim Stanton – 416-595-7170<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lee Lakeman – 604-417-0028<\/p>\n\n\n\n

******************************************************************<\/p>\n\n\n\n

POUR DIFFUSION IMM\u00c9DIATE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 La Cour supr\u00eame rate une occasion de mieux prot\u00e9ger les femmes victimes de violence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le 18 janvier 2013 (Ottawa)<\/strong> – La Cour supr\u00eame duCanada a rendu sa d\u00e9cision dans la cause R. c. Ryan. L’Association canadienne des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s Elizabeth Fry (ACSEF) et le Fonds d’action et d’\u00e9ducation juridiques (FAEJ) sont intervenus ensemble dans ce dossier, plaidant que les femmes violent\u00e9es par un conjoint qui tentent de recourir \u00e0 la force pour sauver leur vie et celle de leurs enfants ont droit aux moyens de d\u00e9fense pr\u00e9vus en droit criminel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le tribunal a d\u00e9termin\u00e9 que la d\u00e9fense de contrainte ne s’appliquait pas mais a ordonn\u00e9 une suspension des proc\u00e9dures. Par cons\u00e9quent, Madame Ryan n’aura pas \u00e0 subir une nouvelle poursuite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’ACSEF et le FAEJ avaient plaid\u00e9 que la loi devrait mieux refl\u00e9ter le v\u00e9cu r\u00e9el des femmes violent\u00e9es par un conjoint. En ordonnant la suspension des proc\u00e9dures, la Cour a reconnu que Madame Ryan avait \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00abs\u00e9rieusement affect\u00e9e\u00bb par la violence qu’elle a subie:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00abEn outre, Mme Ryan a \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9rieusement affect\u00e9e par les mauvais traitements que lui a inflig\u00e9s M. Ryan, ainsi que, nul doute, par ces interminables proc\u00e9dures, s’\u00e9tirant sur presque cinq ans, et au cours desquelles elle a d’abord \u00e9t\u00e9 acquitt\u00e9e en premi\u00e8re instance avant de s’opposer avec succ\u00e8s \u00e0 l’appel du minist\u00e8re public en Cour d’appel. Il est aussi troublant de constater, \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re du dossier, que les autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes ont sembl\u00e9 d\u00e9montrer un plus grand empressement \u00e0 intervenir pour prot\u00e9ger M.Ryan qu’\u00e0 r\u00e9agir \u00e0 la demande de Mme Ryan lorsqu’elle sollicitait leur aide pour mettre un terme au r\u00e8gne de terreur que lui imposait son \u00e9poux.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malheureusement, m\u00eame si la CSC d\u00e9clare que cette affaire est exceptionnelle, il existe de bonnes raisons de croire qu’il n’en est rien. \u00abTous les six jours, une femme est tu\u00e9e au Canada par un partenaire intime. Ces assassinats sont souvent associ\u00e9s \u00e0 l’absence ou \u00e0 l’insuffisance de mesures appropri\u00e9es du syst\u00e8me de justice p\u00e9nale pour d\u00e9fendre ces femmes. En n’exer\u00e7ant pas la diligence n\u00e9cessaire pour prot\u00e9ger les femmes contre la violence sexiste, le gouvernement canadien contrevient \u00e0 ses obligations aux termes du droit international\u00bb constate Lee Lakeman, porte-parole de l’Association canadienne des centres contre les agressions \u00e0 caract\u00e8re sexuel (ACCCACS). \u00abLes femmes qui fuient la violence ont le droit de se d\u00e9fendre contre leurs agresseurs, et la loi doit changer afin qu’elles ne soient pas criminalis\u00e9es lorsqu’elles agissent en d\u00e9sespoir de sauver leur vie\u00bb, ajoute Madame Lakeman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si cette d\u00e9cision met fin \u00e0 une poursuite intent\u00e9e contre une femme, il est malheureux que l’analyse faite par la Cour supr\u00eame des moyens de d\u00e9fense inscrits au droit criminel ne pr\u00e9sente pas beaucoup d’espoir pour leur \u00e9volution. Le jugement s’en tient \u00e0 une analyse de la doctrine et \u00e0 certaines clarifications des moyens de d\u00e9fense, mais n’aborde pas leurs lacunes \u00e0 rendre compte de la diversit\u00e9 des exp\u00e9riences humaines auxquelles elles doivent s’appliquer. Selon Christine Boyle, conseill\u00e8re de l’ACSEF et du FAEJ, \u00abla d\u00e9cision me semble refl\u00e9ter, plut\u00f4t qu’un progr\u00e8s de la common law, le souhait d’une stabilit\u00e9 conceptuelle du droit des d\u00e9fenses, ainsi qu’une pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour une contestation d’ordre constitutionnel et des r\u00e9formes l\u00e9gislatives. C’est une orientation tout \u00e0 fait contraire au souhait de l’ACSEF et du FAEJ, qui pr\u00f4nent une \u00e9volution du droit relatif aux moyens de d\u00e9fense en vue de favoriser l’\u00e9galit\u00e9, dans le but d’\u00e9viter la criminalisation des femmes forc\u00e9es de se d\u00e9fendre contre la violence.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nicole Ryan a subi 15 ann\u00e9es d’un \u00abr\u00e8gne de terreur\u00bb. Son compte rendu des violences subies, de ses craintes et de ses efforts pour trouver de l’aide a \u00e9t\u00e9 accept\u00e9 par le tribunal de premi\u00e8re instance, qui l’a acquitt\u00e9e de l’accusation d’avoir conseill\u00e9 la perp\u00e9tration d’un meurtre. La Cour d’appel de la Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse a par la suite maintenu \u00e0 l’unanimit\u00e9 cet acquittement. Nicole Ryan a \u00e9t\u00e9 victime d’agressions sexuelles et physiques, de violences \u00e9motionnelles et psychologiques et de menaces r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es avec une arme \u00e0 feu. Son conjoint l’a \u00e9galement menac\u00e9e \u00e0 plusieurs reprises de les \u00abtuer\u00bb, \u00abd\u00e9truire\u00bb et \u00aban\u00e9antir\u00bb, elle et leur fille, si Madame Ryan le quittait. Ces menaces \u00e9taient souvent d’une pr\u00e9cision morbide. M. Ryan a menac\u00e9 de mettre le feu \u00e0 leur maison pendant que Madame Ryan et leur fille s’y trouveraient et il lui a montr\u00e9 le terrain o\u00f9 il voulait creuser une tranch\u00e9e pour les enterrer sous du gravier et des d\u00e9chets. Madame Ryan mesure 5 pi 3 po et p\u00e8se 130 livres, alors que M. Ryan mesure 6 pi 3 po et p\u00e8se 230 livres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lorsque Madame Ryan a enfin r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 fuir, la preuve pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e au tribunal a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que, m\u00eame s’il r\u00e9sidait \u00e0 deux heures de route de chez elle, M. Ryan surgissait souvent sur le chemin la conduisant \u00e0 son travail, et \u00e0 l’ext\u00e9rieur de la maison de sa soeur o\u00f9 elle avait trouv\u00e9 refuge. Madame Ryan a contact\u00e9 la police et les services aux victimes une douzaine de fois, mais les tribunaux ont confirm\u00e9 que ses appels \u00e0 l’aide \u00ab\u00e9taient rest\u00e9s lettre morte\u00bb. Isol\u00e9e, terrifi\u00e9e et d\u00e9pourvue d’options, Madame Ryan a \u00e9ventuellement cherch\u00e9 protection. L’accusation d’avoir conseill\u00e9 de commettre un crime a \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9e apr\u00e8s sa rencontre avec un agent d’infiltration policier qui se faisait passer pour un tueur \u00e0 gages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selon Jennifer Tomaszewski, porte-parole du Fonds d’action et d’\u00e9ducation juridiques, \u00abla violence faite aux femmes demeure toujours un probl\u00e8me grave. Nous sommes plus que jamais engag\u00e9es \u00e0 plaider au nom des femmes et \u00e0 faire valoir les enjeux d’\u00e9galit\u00e9 soulev\u00e9s dans des causes comme R. c. Ryan. Dans le contexte de la tr\u00e8s r\u00e9cente d\u00e9cision R. c. O’Brien, nous craignons qu’il reste encore beaucoup de travail \u00e0 faire.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Christine Boyle, c.r., est conseill\u00e8re de l’ACSEF et du FAEJ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le factum de l’ACSEF-FAEJ est accessible ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour plus d’information:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kim Pate – 613-298-2422<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Christine Boyle – 604-738-0570<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kim Stanton – 416-595-7170<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3908","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry","category-media-releases"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSupreme Court Misses Opportunity to Ensure Law Protects Abused Women - LEAF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.leaf.ca\/fr\/news\/supreme-court-misses-opportunity-to-ensure-law-protects-abused-women\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Supreme Court Misses Opportunity to Ensure Law Protects Abused Women - LEAF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"January 18, 2013 (Ottawa) – The Supreme Court of Canada has released its decision in R.v. Ryan. 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